05.Filter

Filter 基础

Filter 介绍

Filter：过滤器 ，用来过滤网站的数据；

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Filter 开发步骤

• 导包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>JavaWeb-02-Servlet</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.github</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>Filer</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--   Servlet 依赖   -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--        JSP 依赖   -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--        JSTL表达式的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--        standard标签库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--    连接数据库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

• 编写 Filter

package com.github.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
    
    /**
     * 初始化：web服务器启动，就以及初始化了，随时等待过滤对象出现！
     */
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter初始化");
    }

    /**
     * Chain : 链
     * 
     * 1. 过滤中的所有代码，在过滤特定请求的时候都会执行
     * 2. 必须要让过滤器继续同行
     *    chain.doFilter(request,response);
     */
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行前....");
        // 让我们的请求继续走，如果不写，程序到这里就被拦截停止！
        chain.doFilter(request,response);
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行后....");
    }

    /**
     * 销毁：web服务器关闭的时候，过滤会销毁
     */
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter销毁");
    }
}

• 在 web.xml 中配置 Filter；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
	 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	 xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
	 version="4.0">

    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.github.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <!--只要是 /servlet的任何请求，会经过这个过滤器-->
        <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
        <!--<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>-->
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>